Engine cooling cylinder and jacket construction



J. B; FISHER 2,442,540

ENGINE COOLING,` CYLINDER AND JACKET CONSTRUCTION June 1948.

2 Sheets-Sheet J Filed Feb. l5, 1946 .M ...MH/ L. QA

l la" June l, 1948. J. B. FISHER 2,442,540 ENGINE cooLINC, CYLINDER AND JACKET CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 24 Filed Feb. 15, 1946 Patented Juno l, 1948 G COOLING CYLINDER AND JACKET GONSTBUCTIGN .les Fisher, Wa -1 Wa osha Motor Company, Waukesha, Wis., a aeration of wisconsin VApplication Febf- ..1

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and has to do with means for controlling admission and distribution of a coolant, usually water, to and in the cylinder block of the engine.

in operating internal combustion engines on kerosene and distillate excessive wear of certain of the cylinders, or cylinder barrels, occurs, which is objectionable for obvious reasons. The wear of the cylinder is caused by inadequate lubrication, due to dilution of the lubricating oil with unburned fuel. That is caused mainly by condensation of the fuel on the cylinder walls. I have found that the relatively cold water entering the cylinder block at the upper portion thereof. as is the usual practice, tends to chill the upper portions of the cylinders, in the area of the combustion space, with the result that the entering fuel condenses on the cylinder walls causing dilution of the lubricating oil. For example, in an engine in which the water pump is mounted on the front of the cylinder block, which is common practice, the water is discharged directly into the cylinder block and impinges on the walls of the iront or number one cylinder. I have found that in such engines of four cylinders, there is a considerable difference in temperature between the cylinders, due to the effect of the entering cooling water referred to, so that the second cylinder runs somewhat warmer thanthe rst cylinder, and the third and fourth cylinders run considerably warmer than the ilrst cylinder. In such an engine considerable dilution of the lubricating oil by unburned fuel occurs, particularly in the rst cylinder, with the result that excessive wear of that cylinder occurs and. to a slightly less extent, also of the second cylinder. What has been stated with respect to an engine operating on kerosene or distillate applies, in general, thoughv to less extent, to engines operating on gasoline. Accordingly, it will be understood that though my invention is concerned particularly with engines operating on kerosene and on distillate it may be applied to advantage to engines operating on gasoline.

My invention is directed to avoiding the above noted objections with respect to cooling of the cylinders, in internal combustion engines of the type above referred to. To that end, I provide improved means, of simple and inexpensive construction. whereby the cooling water entering the cylinder block is so distributed as to avoid objectionable cooling of the cylinders, particularly at the upper portion thereof. Preferably, the cooling water distribution means of my in- No. cernes vention is of such character that the water intake therefor is disposed at one end of the cylinder block, so that the water pump may be mounted on the end of the cylinder block, if desired, as is frequently done. Further objects and advantages of my invention will appear from the detail description.

Figure 1 is a side view of an internal combustion engine embodying the cooling water distribution means of my invention, many of the accessories being omitted for clearness of illustration; Y

Figure 2 is a front end view of the engine of Figure L' Figure 3 is a plan view, partly broken away and on an enlarged scale, of the cylinder block of the engine of Figure 1, with the water pump shown fragmentarily and partly broken away and in section, and the adjacent portion of the cylinder block partly broken away and in section:

Figure 4 is a fragmentary end view of the cylinder block of Figure 3, on an enlarged scale, looking at the cooling water intake end thereof;

Figure 5 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken substantially on line B-B of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on line l-l of Figure 3;

Figure 'l is a'sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken substantially on line 1-1 of Figure 3: and

Figure 8 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken substantially on line 8--8 of Figure 3.

I have shown the cooling water distribution means of my invention, by way of example, as

applied to an internal combustion engine which is, in general, of known construction and operation. It comprises a cylinder head I0, a cylinder block Ii, which may be cast as usual, crank case I2 and oil pan il, all of which are bolted together in accordance with the usual practice. A water outlet fitting Il is mounted on an outlet member i6 of cylinder head Il. in communication with the cooling water space thereof, and is connected by a suitable hose (not shown) to the inlet at the top of the radiator (not shown) positioned in front of engine E. The outlet, at the bottom of the radiator, is connected by a conduit i6 to the intake of a water pump I1. The pump i1 is included in a pump and fan unit assembly A of suitable construction and operation. A fan f, with an associated pulley i, is suitably secured on shaft s, on which impeller i (Figure 3) of pump l1 is also secured. The inner or base end of pump housing h. is closed by a base plate d suitably secured thereto, with an intervening 3 gasket g. Plate d is provided adjacent one side thereof with a discharge opening I3. The pump is also provided with a by-pass intake connected by a by-pass conduit c to the fitting I4. as is known. The base of the pump housing h is bolted to the front cylinder block Il, at the top thereof, with discharge opening Il overlying the water intake opening in the block, as will be explained more fully presently. A belt b passes about a V-pulley a, driven in a suitable manner by the engine, and thence over pulley il. belt b also passing over a V-pulley e of a generator k suitably mounted at one side of the cylinder block I i. The pump i1 is thus driven in the operation of the engine. as is the fan f and the generator k, It

will be understood that any suitable pump, driven in any suitable manner, may be used, the pump I1 and the drive therefor being .shown'by way of example only. As above noted, the engine E is illustrated rather diagrammatically, many of the appurtenances being omitted, for clearness oi' illustration.

It may be assumed that the engine E is a four cylinder engine, for purposes of description. The cylinder block li is substantially rectangular in plan, as usual. and is provided through its top wall 2l with suitably disposed rabbeted openings 2| in which seat the flanged upper ends of cylinder barrels 22 which denne the cylinders of the engine. The barrels 22 pass downward through a lower wall 23 of cylinder block I i with a sealing iit therethrough. The block Il and the cylinder barrels 22 therein together define a cooling water space about the cylinders, as will be understood, and thisspace communicates, through suitable openings in top wall 2l of block I I and in the lower wall of cylinder head i0, with the water space of the latter. In the operation of pump I1, relatively cold water is taken from the radiator at or adjacent the bottom thereof and is delivered to the cylinder block Il through opening Il, this water passing from the cylinder block into the cylinder head Il and thence to the upper portion of the radiator, by way of member I5 and fitting I4, as is known.

The cylinder block il is provided at the top of one corner thereof with a water intake passage 25 dened by an inner wall 25 and top and bottom walls 21 and 23, respectively, shown more clearly in Figures 3 and 4, integrally connecting wall 26 to the adjacent side and end walls 29 and 30, respectively, of block I I. Passage 2l opens, at its outer end, through a bolting pad 3i formed on the end of cylinder block il, to which pad the pump i1 is bolted, with discharge opening I3 thereof in overlying relation to intake opening 32 at the outer end of passage 25. The inner end portion of wall'26 extends in spaced parallel relation to side wall 20,'as in Figures 2 and 4. `Cylinder block Ii further is preferably provided with transverse reenforcing web elements 33 extending from the side walls thereof between the cylinders.

Side wall 29 of block i i is provided, at the upper portion of its inner face, with upper and lower ribs 34 and 35, respectively, extending lengthwise thereof and spaced vertically a substantial distance apart. These ribs extend between and are formed integrally with the web elements 33, and also extend from the front or il'rst web element 33 to the top and bottom walls 21 and 23, respectively, of the inner end portion of the intake passage 25, constituting' extensions o'f such top and bottom walls. Conveniently, the

inner faces of the ribs 34 and 35 are ush with clearance, if required, to accommodate expansion l thereof. In Figure 5, the clearance 33 between the inner end of plate Il and the web element 33 has been exaggerated for clearness of illustration, as will be understood. Plate 33 is secured y in position by means of headed screws 4I passing therethrough and threading into suitably bored and tapped bosses 4i formed integrally with side wall 22 of cylinder block Ii. The outer ends of the bores of bosses 4i are closed in any suitable manner, conveniently by headed screws 42 threaded therein, with copper washers 43 disposed between the heads of the respective screws and the outer face of wall 2l. A -second plate 4l, similar to but somewhat longer than plate 33, is secured to wall 22 between the first and second web elements 33, seating at its upper and lower portions on the ribs 34 and Il. as shown.

It will be seen that the plates 3i and 45 denne, with the ribs 34 and 35 and the'portion of wall 29 therebetween, a water inlet passage 41 freely opening at its outer end into the inner end of the water intake passage 25. The first web element 33 is cored out, providing an opening 4l therethrough preferably of the same cross section as passage 41, providing free communication between the portions of this passage corresponding to the plates 34 and 45. 'I'he lower rib 35 has its inner end spaced from the second web element 33, (Figure 6) providing therewith a downwardly directed discharge opening 49 from the water inlet passage 41 into the cooling water space within cylinder block Il. Also, the second web element 33 is provided therethrough with a discharge opening 50 and, at the top thereof, a downwardly and inwardly inclined baille 5 I which deflects the water discharged from passage 41 downwardly into the cooling water space of cylinder block Il.

It will be seen that the cooling water entering through passage 25 flows through passage 41 to about the midlength of the cylinder block Il and is there discharged downward into the cooling water space surrounding the cylinders, thereby lguarding against chilling of the upper por tions of the cylinders, particularly the first and second cylinders. In that manner I guard against condensation of fuel on the cylinder walls and resultant dilution of the lubricating oil with con-V sequent objectionable wear of the cylinder barrels, above referred to. It will be noted that the use of the cooling water distribution means of my invention entails no substantial change in the cylinder block Il, the ribs 34 and 35 and the space therebetween being formed by simple cores, as are the opening 48 in the first web element and the opening 50 in the second web element 33, the lower rib 35 being formed of proper length Pto provide the opening 49, in the casting operation. By using the plates 36 and 45 to provide the inner wall for the passage 41, I avoid necessity of expensive coring operations and am enabled to form the inner wall of the passage 41 much thinner than would be possible if this passage were formed entirely as a casting constituting an integral part of the cylinder block Il, which is conducive to simple and inexpensive construction. It will also be seen that by the cooling water distribution means of my invention the water pump may be mounted directly on the end of the cylinder block, without risk of objectionable chilling or cooling of the first and second cylinders, since the entering cooling water enters the Water space within the cylinder block at a point remote from such cylinders, as above described.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder block and cylinders therein together defining a cooling water space about said cylinders, vertically spaced lengthwise ribs at the inner face of the upper portion of said side wall, and closure plates secured to said wall seating on said ribs defining therewith and with the portion of said wall therebetween a water inlet passage, said passage communicating with a water intake opening at one end of said block and having a downwardly directed discharge opening into said space remote from said intake opening.

2. L'n an internal combustion engine, a cylinder block and cylinders therein together dening a cooling water space about said cylinders, reinforcing web elements extending from the side walls of said block transversely thereof between said cylinders, vertically spaced ribs at the inner face ci a side wall of said block extending lengthwise thereof between certain of said web elements, and closure plates secured to said side wall extending between certain of said web elements and seating on said ribs deiining therewith and. with the portion of said wall therebetween a water inlet passage, said passage communicating with-a water intake opening at one end of said block, the bottom one of said ribs having its inner end spaced from one of said web elements providing a downwardly directed discharge opening from said passage into said space and said one web element having therethrough a discharge opening from said passage into said space.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder block and cylinders therein together dening a cooling Water space about said cylinders, said block having at one end thereof an intake passage deined in part by a side wall of said block provided at its outer end with an intake opening adapted for connection to the discharge of a cooling water pump, vertically spaced lengthwise ribs at the inner face of said side wall, and closure plates secured to said side wall seating on said ribs defining therewith and with the portion of said wall therebetween a water inlet passage opening at its outer end into the inner end of said intake passage, said inlet passage having a discharge opening into said space remote from its outer end.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder block and cylinders therein together dening a cooling water space about said cylinders, said block having at one end thereof an intake passage dened in part by a side wall of said block provided at its outer end with an intake opening adapted for connection to the discharge of a cooling water pump, the inner end portion of said passage being of substantially rectangular cross section, vertically spaced lengthwise ribs at the inner face of said side wall extending from the top and bottom walls of the inner end of said intake passage, and closure plates secured to said side wall seating on said ribs defining therewith and with the portion of said wall between said ribs a water inlet passage extending from the inner end of said intake passage and having a downwardly directed discharge opening from said inlet passage adjacent the inner end thereof into said space.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder block and cylinders therein together` defining a cooling water space about said cylinders, said block having at one end thereof an intake passage defined in part by a side wall of said block provided at its outer end with an intake opening adapted for connection to the discharge of a cooling water pump, the inner end portion of said passage being of substantially rectangular cross section, reinforcing web elements extending from said wall of said block transversely thereof, vertically spaced lengthwise ribs at the inner face of said side wall extending from the top and bottom walls of the inner end of said intake passage to one of said web elements and between certain thereof, and closure plates secured to said side wall seating on said ribs defining therewith and with the portion of said wall therebetween a water inlet passageextending from the inner end of said intake passage, the web element between said plates having an opening therethrough constituting a portion of said inlet passage, the bottom one of said ribs having its inner end spaced from the innermost one of said web elements providing a downwardly directed discharge opening from said inlet passage into said space, the innermost one of said web elements having an opening therethrough from said inlet passage with a baille disposed to deect downwardly into said space water owing through said last mentioned opening from said inlet passage.

JAMES B. FISHER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,422,338 Church July 11, 1922 1,434,348 Bull Oct. 31, 1922 1,533,827 Carr Apr. 14, 1925 1,769,932- Adams July 8, 193) 1,867,351 Carpentier July 12, 1932 2,094,893 Jacoby Oct. 5, 1937 2,175,448 Schlagintweit Oct. 10, 1939 2,186,784 Furay Jan. 9, 1940 

